The role of land use planning in the prevention of flood disasters

Abstract

Floods are natural events we cannot prevent—especially in a climate that is increasingly uncertain and extreme. However, we can prepare to reduce the risk of human and material disasters. This article aims to gather information that encourages reflection on the role of land-use planning and urban development in managing these risks.

It highlights the need for territorial planning that integrates environmental management—covering hydrological, forestry, agricultural, and nature conservation aspects—with urban planning, clearly defining areas suitable for development. This integration should ensure harmonious growth that respects the land and its ecology.

In urban areas, the strategy should focus on modelling the territory under new climate scenarios and designing and implementing a stormwater drainage network as essential as the current sanitation system. This network, based on Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS), should channel runoff water toward retention, attenuation, and infiltration systems, or toward reuse for irrigation or improving urban climate comfort